ESP32 KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module

🛠️ KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module Troubleshooting

This guide outlines a systematic approach to troubleshoot and resolve common problems with the . Start by confirming that the hardware connections are correct, as wiring mistakes are the most frequent cause of issues. If you are sure the connections are correct, follow the below steps to debug common issues.

❌ No Signal Detection

⚠️ False Triggering

💻 Code Examples

Below you can find code examples of KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module with ESP32 in several frameworks:

• Arduino IDE
• ESP-IDF
• ESPHome
• PlatformIO
• MicroPython

If you encounter issues while using the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module, check the Common Issues Troubleshooting Guide.

ESP32 KY-010 Arduino IDE Code Example

Example in Arduino IDE

Fill in your main Arduino IDE sketch file with the following code to use the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module:

int sensorPin = 10; // Sensor connected to digital pin 10
int ledPin = 13;    // LED connected to digital pin 13
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
    pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
    digitalWrite(sensorPin, HIGH); // Enable internal pull-up resistor
    Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
    sensorValue = digitalRead(sensorPin);
    if (sensorValue == HIGH) {
        digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Turn on LED
        Serial.println("Object detected");
    } else {
        digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // Turn off LED
    }
    delay(100);
}

This Arduino code sets up the KY-010 sensor on digital pin 10 and an LED on pin 13. The internal pull-up resistor is enabled for the sensor pin. When an object interrupts the sensor's beam, the LED lights up, and a message is printed to the serial monitor.

Connect your ESP32 to your computer via a USB cable, Ensure the correct Board and Port are selected under Tools, Click the "Upload" button in the Arduino IDE to compile and upload the code to your ESP32.

ESP32 KY-010 ESP-IDF Code Example

Example in Espressif IoT Framework (ESP-IDF)

If you're using ESP-IDF to work with the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module, here's how you can set it up and read data from the sensor. Fill in this code in the main ESP-IDF file:

#include <stdio.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"

#define SENSOR_PIN GPIO_NUM_15
#define LED_PIN GPIO_NUM_2

void app_main(void) {
    // Configure sensor pin as input with pull-up resistor
    gpio_config_t sensor_io_conf = {
        .pin_bit_mask = (1ULL << SENSOR_PIN),
        .mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT,
        .pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
        .pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE,
        .intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE
    };
    gpio_config(&sensor_io_conf);

    // Configure LED pin as output
    gpio_config_t led_io_conf = {
        .pin_bit_mask = (1ULL << LED_PIN),
        .mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT,
        .pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE,
        .pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE,
        .intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE
    };
    gpio_config(&led_io_conf);

    printf("KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module Test\n");

    while (1) {
        int sensor_value = gpio_get_level(SENSOR_PIN);
        if (sensor_value == 1) {
            gpio_set_level(LED_PIN, 1); // Turn on LED
            printf("Object detected\n");
        } else {
            gpio_set_level(LED_PIN, 0); // Turn off LED
        }
        vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(100));
    }
}

This ESP-IDF code configures the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module on GPIO15 and an LED on GPIO2. The sensor pin is set up as an input with an internal pull-up resistor, while the LED pin is configured as an output. The main loop continuously checks if an object interrupts the infrared beam. If an object is detected, the LED turns on, and a message is printed to the console.

Update the I2C pins (I2C_MASTER_SDA_IO and I2C_MASTER_SCL_IO) to match your ESP32 hardware setup, Use idf.py build to compile the project, Use idf.py flash to upload the code to your ESP32.

ESP32 KY-010 ESPHome Code Example

Example in ESPHome (Home Assistant)

Fill in this configuration in your ESPHome YAML configuration file (example.yml) to integrate the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO15
      mode: INPUT_PULLUP
    name: "KY-010 Object Detector"
    filters:
      - delayed_on: 10ms
      - delayed_off: 10ms
    on_press:
      - then:
          - lambda: |-
              ESP_LOGD("sensor", "Object detected!");

This ESPHome configuration sets up the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module as a binary sensor on GPIO15 with an internal pull-up resistor. It applies filtering to debounce false triggers and logs when an object is detected.

Upload this code to your ESP32 using the ESPHome dashboard or the esphome run command.

ESP32 KY-010 PlatformIO Code Example

Example in PlatformIO Framework

For PlatformIO, make sure to configure the platformio.ini file with the appropriate environment and libraries, and then proceed with the code.

Configure platformio.ini

First, your platformio.ini should look like below. You might need to include some libraries as shown. Make sure to change the board to your ESP32:

[env:esp32]
platform = espressif32
board = esp32dev
framework = arduino

ESP32 KY-010 PlatformIO Example Code

Write this code in your PlatformIO project under the src/main.cpp file to use the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module:

#include <Arduino.h>

#define SENSOR_PIN 15
#define LED_PIN 2

void setup() {
    pinMode(SENSOR_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
    Serial.begin(115200);
    Serial.println("KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module Test");
}

void loop() {
    if (digitalRead(SENSOR_PIN) == HIGH) {
        Serial.println("Object detected");
        digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
    } else {
        digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
    }
    delay(100);
}

This PlatformIO code configures the KY-010 sensor on GPIO15 and an LED on GPIO2. When an object interrupts the infrared beam, the LED turns on, and a message is printed to the serial monitor.

Upload the code to your ESP32 using the PlatformIO "Upload" button in your IDE or the pio run --target upload command.

ESP32 KY-010 MicroPython Code Example

Example in Micro Python Framework

Fill in this script in your MicroPython main.py file (main.py) to integrate the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module with your ESP32.

import machine
import time

SENSOR_PIN = machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_UP)
LED_PIN = machine.Pin(2, machine.Pin.OUT)

while True:
    if SENSOR_PIN.value() == 1:
        print("Object detected")
        LED_PIN.on()
    else:
        LED_PIN.off()
    time.sleep(0.1)

This MicroPython script configures the KY-010 Photo Interrupter Module on GPIO15 and an LED on GPIO2. When an object interrupts the sensor's beam, the LED turns on, and a message is printed to the console.

Upload this code to your ESP32 using a MicroPython-compatible IDE, such as Thonny, uPyCraft, or tools like ampy.